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A grid connected system is connected to a large independent
grid (typically the public electricity grid) and feeds power
into the grid. Grid connected systems vary in size from
residential (2-10kWp) to solar power stations (up to 10s of
GWp). This is a form of decentralized electricity
generation. In the case of residential or building mounted
grid connected PV systems, the electricity demand of the
building is met by the PV system. Only the excess is fed
into the grid when there is an excess. The feeding of
electricity into the grid requires the transformation of DC
into AC by a special, grid-controlled inverter.
Most modules (72 crystalline silicon cells) generate about
160W at 36 volts. It is sometimes necessary or desirable to
connect the modules partially in parallel rather than all in
series. One set of modules connected in series is known as a
'string'
Grid-connected PV power offers consumers both economic and
environmental advantages. Where utility power is available,
consumers can use a grid-connected PV system to supply a
portion of the power they need while using utility-generated
power at night and on very cloudy days. While residential,
grid-connected PV systems (10 kilowatts or less) can provide
most of a home's electric needs, they may also generate more
electricity than needed. The electricity generated by the PV
system can be used on site or fed through a meter back into
the utility grid. For example, if a PV system is generating
at near its rated output and a system owner is on vacation
or not home during the day, a system will typically be
producing more electricity than is needed for a given time
period and that excess can be "sold" back to the utility. At
the end of the month, a credit for electricity sold is
deducted from charges for electricity purchased.
When a home or business requires more electricity than the
grid-connected PV array is generating (for example, in the
evening), the need is automatically met by utility
power.
A grid-connected PV system is connected to the utility
system or grid through an interconnection agreement with
your utility company. The interconnection agreement sets the
terms and conditions under which a PV system can be safely
connected to the grid and outlines metering arrangements
(net metering) for your PV system.
Vorks Energy is a MNRE, Govt. of India approved system
integrator for Grid Connected and Off-Grid PV system
installations.
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